第八单元
Unit 8 cloning
Text A
Content questions
1. at his mother’s funeral, the writer swore that one day he’d do something about conditions like hers
2. one night,the writer went out for dreinks with another gentleman whose father had died of ALS. They talked about their parents then and wanted to do something as a legacy for them. The stem cell research company Stemagen thus came into existence
3. they are concerned about the reproductive possibilities of cloning when Dolly was born
4. human reproductive cloning is ethically wrong because the majority of reproductive clones in other species are actually abnormal,with very high miscarriage rates, very high stillbirth rates, fetal anomalies, death soon after birth,etc.
5. the writer shows a positive attitude towards therapeutic cloning. He holds that therapeutic cloning does not involve any type of rist to human life and actually provides tremendous potential for the relief of suffering in human beings who are undergoing some awful things.
6. the writer honestly thinks that someone will attempt human reproductive cloning and there is no way to stop it
7. because by doing so, they could make cloning very real so that people around the world know that cloning is coming along
8. their purpose in creating disease-specific stem cell lines is to study the causes of specific diseases,and then research a variety of treatments for these diseases. If the stem cell lines are created for any given individual and are later transplated back into the individual, they will not be rejected by the individual.
9. the writer holds that in reality it is transcendent because when you look through the microscope, you see what you may have looked like a long ago, at least in part
10. it brought teras to his eyes because the research was done for his mother,and he realized that if she had only been able to live a few years longer, maybe they could have used this technology to help her
11. in the process of analysis, the embroys were destroyed by necessity. In other words, to get the genetic material from inside the cells to analyze it, they had to destroy the cell\
12. because the writer thinks that logically, an embryo is not life, although it is a potential life. The vast majority of embroys never become life—they just generate , don't implant and die
Language sense enhancement
1) in some ways 2)make the most of 3)individual 4)replicated 5)roadmap 6)in place 7) resulst from 8)dissuade 9)Quite honestly 10)legislate
Vocabulary
1.1) complications 2)tremendous 3)brillian 4)analysis \
5)transplant , transplant 6)In a sense 7)consented 8)In some ways 9)eyesight
10)in reality 11)implanted 12) procedures
2. 1)focus 2)come forward 3)result from 4)go through
5)carry out 6)work on 7)feed on 8)settled over
3. 1)resulted from a childhood illness
2)was condemmed by the trade unions as endangering jobs
3)in place,even those with presistent, long-term mental illness can usually learn to manage their symptoms and live productive lives
4)but apparently showed disapproval of his behaviour
5)you should make the most of any advice which you can get from the interviewer
4. 1)misconceptions, potential, make the most of ,
2)donated, cntentious issue, and opponents
3)a fraud , in some ways, condemn him
II Collocation
1)permission to adopt her
2)a willingness to restart peace talks
3）failure to find meaning in life
4)his determination to realize his ideals
5)attempt to blow up the bridge
6)an opportunity to pursue a college degree
III. Usage
1) do you consider it any good continuing your investigations?
2) It is reported that two people were killed in the explosion
3) I owe it to you that I have been able to get back to my studies
4) It is no good bothering about such a trifle
5) It wont do you any good to hide your sickness for fear of treatment
6) We all think it a pity to give up the experiment half way
Comprehensive exercises
I.Cloze
1.text-related
1) issue 2)contenious 3)clones 4)potential 5)condemn
6)misconceptions 7)opponents 8)results from 9)come forward 10)donated
2.theme-related
1) prospect 2)intention 3)despite 4)developing 5)publish
6)condemned 7)among 8)standpoint 9)standard 10)rejection
1. II. Translation
1.1) Medical experts debated whether the cloning of human beings should be permitted and what its potential effects on society might be
2）eighty-five percent of the people in the local area in full-time employment ;only 3% describe themselves as unemployed
3). The departments concerned inChinawill speed up legislation to protect rights of migrant workers
4). In recent years, some psychologists have tried to explain intelligence from a biological standpoint
5). The global finanical crisis has had a huge impact on that country’s export industry. In no more than six months,many factories have closed down by necessity.
2. Dolly the sheep resulted from a cloning experiment by a group of Scottish scientists in 1997. A fierce debate on human cloning has ever since been going on. This contentious issue has focused on ethical and social implications of the technology:what the technology might do to the very meaning of human reproduction,child rearing, individuality, etc.
The majority of scientists are adamantly opposed to reproductive cloning and support therapeutic cloning for treating diseases. The reason is that therapeutic cloning does not involve any type of relief of suffering in human beings. Scientists believe that with politics and monitoring in place to ensure that therapeutic cloning is used safely, we can all benefit from this procedure.
Text B
Comprehension check:
1. d 2, c 3,b 4, d 5, b 6, c
Translation :
1.时至今日，眼看着新一轮要求对克隆人全面禁止而非简单规范的呼声即将再起，我倒想说: “慢一点来。”
2就像禁止人工流产和婚外性行为一样，禁止克隆人肯定难以实施。
3.由于是人工生育而被认为缺乏道德，这样的苦境不是会糟糕得多吗？
4.因此，如果要禁止克隆人，其理由应比任何已经提出的更为有力才行。
Language practice
1. 1)c 2)h 3)g 4)e 5)a 6)b 7)d 8)f
2. 1)artificial 2)labeled 3)objections 4)appealed to
5)reinforce 6)by virtue of 7)come to terms with 8)in essence
9)prohibited 10)origin 11)debate 12)arise
