Section A
? Exercises
Vocabulary
Structure
Translation
? Vocabulary III
1. sensible
2. detect
3. precaution
4. occurrence
5. withstand
6. resistant
7. vertical
8. accidental
9. enclosed
10. fastened
? Vocabulary IV
1. come out of
2. watch for
3. resistant to
4. put out
5. After all
6. make a difference to
7. agree on
8. attach labels to
9. if necessary
10. In addition to
? Vocabulary V
1. E
2. J
3. K
4. O
5. B
6. L
7. C
8. H
9. G
10. N
? Collocation VI
1. sense
2. message
3. argument
4. image
5. idea
6. belief
7. knowledge
8. reputation
9. standard
10. habit
? Word Building VII
1-f cupboard橱柜
2-j motorcycle摩托车
3-l silkworm蚕
4-k teardrop眼泪
5-g bloodstain血迹
6-a sawdust锯木屑
7-e cabinet-maker细工木匠
8-j steamboat汽船
9-b arrowhead箭头
10-h shirtsleeves衬衫袖子
11-d windowpane窗玻璃
12—c manservant男佣人
? Word Building VIII
1. encourage
2. enlarge
3. encircles
4. enable
5. endanger
6. enlightened
7. ensure
8. enforce
9. enacted
10. endear
? Sentence Structure IX
1. so that the baby would not catch cold
2. so that more people would vote for him
3. so that his father might forgive him for his failure in the math exam
4. so that it would go on smoothly
5. so that you can judge for yourself
? Sentence Structure X
1. She cycled from Shanghai to Beijing, which is pretty difficult for a woman of 50.
2. He wore his swimming things in the office, which shocked his boss a great deal.
3. They ran out of drink, which actually didn’t bother me because I wasn’t drinking.
4. They will win the match, which will please my brother.
5. She borrowed a book on literature, which suggests that her literature teacher was having some influence on her.
?
Translation XI
1. We should try our best to forecast earthquakes so that destruction of property caused by them could be prevented as much as possible.
2. A farmer noticed large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water, which, he said, indicated the possible occurrence of an earthquake.
3. Keep an English-English dictionary handy, and when you cannot understand a word with accuracy, you may refer to it any time.
4. If necessary, people who live in the area where an earthquake is about to occur may sleep in tents.
5. A master’s degree does make a great difference to a student who wants to get a job.
6. In addition to the knowledge about earthquakes, the book tells us how to prepare for them.
? Translation XII
1. 由于在地震中遇难的人大部分都是被倒塌的建筑物砸死的，所以一定要改进建筑结构，以便它们能够抵御地震的力量。
2. 人们应该在家里和工作地点储备些水和食物，这在可能发生地震时是特别必要的。
3. 在日本和中国，人们长期以来一直相信通过观察动物行为可以预测地震。
4. 除了努力改进建筑结构之外，地震多发地区的人们还应该在其他几个方面为可能发生的大地震做好准备。
5. 明智的做法是每个家庭都制定地震应急计划，而且所有的家庭成员都应该知道在地震过后的混乱中如何离开那个地区。
6. 由于剩下的几条可用电话线路将会很忙，所有的家人都应该往住在远离地震区域的某个朋友或亲戚家中打电话报平安。
? Cloze XII
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. C
9. D
10. A
11. B
12. B
13. D
14. C
15. D
16. B
17. A
18. C
19. D
20. D
? Section B
Reading Skills:
I.
1. Because things in nature, large or small, new or old, are judged in comparison with other things involved.
2. About five billion years ago.
3. About three million years ago.
4. From Paragraph 6 to Paragraph 9.
5. From Paragraph 10 to Paragraph 13.
? Section B
Comprehension of the Text
II.
1. Things in nature are large or small, new or old, only in agreement with the measures and the comparisons involved. This is obvious in Paragraph 2.
2. A billion years later, the planet had cooled, and the continents and the great bodies of water had formed. This can be seen in Paragraph 3.
? Section B
Comprehension of the Text
II.
3. Despite their short time on Earth, however, people have brought about enormous changes to the surface of the planet – changes far out of proportion to the interval of time they have occupied it. This is clear in Paragraph 5.
4. As the number of people on Earth increases, it becomes increasingly hard for the population to survive on the resources of the land. This is obvious in Paragraph 7.
? Section B
Comprehension of the Text
II.
5. People are only a very small fraction of all living things on the planet. Yet their numbers create a drain on resources that can’t be renewed. This is clear in Paragraph 8.
6. Human activities can cause or speed up permanent changes in natural systems. This is obvious in Paragraph 10.
? Section B
Comprehension of the Text
II.
7. In spite of rapid population increase and industrial growth, some groups of people, often in remote areas, have been able to live in peace with the planet, This can be seen in Paragraph 11.
8. Now that they are aware of the causes of the sickness of our planet, they seek ways to help the Earth, to give back what they take away. This is clearly presented in the last paragraph.
?
Vocabulary:
III.
1. outcome
2. permanent
3. exceeding
4. likewise
5. accelerate
6. retain
7. ignorant
8. shortage
9. duration
10. protective
? Vocabulary IV
1. Now that I am retired, I find I am spending more and more time on charity work, which I am very happy to take part in.
2. His suggestions are in harmony with the aims of the project.
3. In other words, 95% of the students have passed the entrance examination and been admitted to universities.
4. We go abroad for a week or ten days every year, but I think we have a very simple life compared with many.
? Vocabulary IV
5. Since coal is formed from plants, which are chemically very complicated, its own chemical make-up is very complex.
6. During his stay in the countryside, he took to smoking.
7. The father was ignorant of the boy’s secrets.
8. The earthquake that took place last week brought about ten thousand deaths and destruction of half of the buildings in the area.
? Vocabulary IV
9. The lawyer said to the old man: “If you die before you have made a will, the law will decide the distribution of your property, which may not be in accordance with your wishes.”
10. The changes that have taken place over the past several years – both in terms of the marketplace and in the changing expectations of our patients –– increasingly require that our physicians be kind to their patients.
